Tendinitis, also known as tendonitis, is an inflammation of the tendon. Occurs when a person overgrows or injures a tendon, for example, during a game. It is usually associated with acute wound and inflammation. It usually affects the elbow, arm, finger, thigh, and other parts of the body.
The part of the body involved may give the wound its name, for example, Achilles tendinitis. Common expressions are tennis or elbow golfer, knee jumper, and pitcher shoulder. Tendinitis can occur at any age, but is common among adults who do a lot of sports. Older people are also involved, because tendons tend to lose elasticity and become weaker with age.
A tendon is a tissue that connects muscles to a bone. It is light, hard and fibrous and can withstand tension. The tendon extends from bone to bone joint, while the tendon extends from muscle to bone. Tendons and muscles work together and make a strong pull. The tendons and ligaments are hard and fibrous, but they are known as soft tissues, because they are softer compared to bone. If the sheath near the tendon is burning, rather than the tendon itself, the condition is called tenosynovitis. Tendinitis and tenosynovitis can occur together.
Tendon injuries are caused by internal or external factors, or even a combination of them. There is a general classification of tendon disease. While tendinopathy is a general term that refers to degenerative disease, mechanical and overuse, tendonitis refers to inflammation of the tendons. Inflammation indicates the natural response of the human body to an injury or disease, often leading to swelling, pain, or irritation.
When referring to inflammatory tendon injuries, we can distinguish between acute tendonitis alone, chronic tendinous (histopathological state degenerative) and severe tendonitis and chronic tendinous alone. Although true inflammatory tendinopathies do exist, many patients present with long-term symptoms before their visit to a family doctor, at which point severe inflammation is often reduced and altered by the deterioration of the normal collagen fiber structure.
What Causes Tendinitis?
Tendinitis is often caused by recurrence, a small effect on the affected area, or from a sudden serious injury.
- An abnormal or poorly placed bone (such as a difference in the length of your legs or arthritis in the joint) that emphasizes soft tissue structures.
- Pressure from other conditions, such as hypertension, gout, psychiatric disorders, thyroid problems, or common side effects of medication.
- Excessive use or doing too much too early when tendons are not used to perform movements or perform a task. Tendinitis is common to “weekend heroes,” people who play and exercise hard only on weekends.
- Sometimes infections can cause tendinitis, especially infections from cats or dogs biting the hand or finger.
Arthritis of the disease. This is a combination of skin problems (psoriasis) and joint inflammation (arthritis).
Prevention of tendinitis
To reduce your chances of getting tendinitis, follow these suggestions:
- Convenience; Avoid activities that put a lot of emphasis on your tendons, especially over long periods of time. If you notice pain during certain exercises, stand up and relax.
- Mix; If one exercise or activity is causing you pain, persistent, try something else. Cross training can help you combine impact loading exercises, such as running, and low impact exercises, like cycling or swimming.
- Improve your technique; If your technique in the activity or exercise is flawed, you can put yourself in trouble with your tendons. Consider taking lessons or getting professional instructions when starting a new sport or using exercise equipment.
- Stretching; Take some time after exercise to stretch to increase the range of motion of your joints. This can help reduce recurrent trauma to hard tissues. The best time to stretch is after exercise, when your muscles are warmed up.
- Use proper workplace ergonomics; If possible, get an ergonomic assessment of your work space and adjust your seat, keyboard and desktop as recommended for your height, arm height and general functions. This will help protect all your joints and tendons from excessive stress.
- Prepare your muscles to play; Strengthening the muscles used in your activity or sport can help them better cope with stress and strain.
Tendonitis is a confusing diagnosis
Tendonitis is a common injury to the knee, although it is not the most common. Generally, it refers to inflammation, irritation or tearing of tendons, fibrous cords that connect muscles and bone.
One type of knee tendonitis is pes anserinus tendonitis, which involves the pes anserinus tendons that are located just inside and below the knee joint and prevents the lower leg from twisting out while working. (Below the knee cap, inside the knee, there are attachments to three tendons: semimembranous, semitendinosus, and gracilis. Together, these tendons form the area of the pes anserinus.)
Middle-aged runners are more involved in the development of pes anserinus tendonitis, a common form. The other two types of knee tendonitis are popliteus tendonitis and semimembranosus tendonitis.
1. Popliteus tendonitis
It is caused by excessive movement of the feet, called pronunciation, and also sloping, which puts a lot of stress on this tendon and can cause irritation or inflammation. Pes anserine tendonitis, on the other hand, is characterized by inflammation of the middle knee, and is often accompanied by other knee problems. Semimembranosus tendonitis is characterized by swelling over the future condition of the knee and tenderness with an arched bow or strain turned outwards.
Causes of Popliteus tendinitis
- popliteus tendinitis usually occurs when one foot enters.
- downhill run puts more pressure on the popliteus tendon which also causes tendinitis.
- pressure is applied to the popliteus tendon during daily movements as the legs bend down.
- downhill running can put unnecessary strain on the tendon if it is done too much.
- this is done more often then general printing because the surface is not flat.
- Other factors that may contribute to tendon tightening include misuse, running and fatigue muscles, prolonged, or
- without proper heating or stretching.
- the wound is felt frequently after the folds of the ankle internally, causing tears in the tendon.
Treatment of Popliteus tendinitis
Rest; Relaxation prevents the onset of the first injury. By keeping the injured end resting for the first 3-7 days after trauma, we can prevent recurrence of ruptured muscle stumps (formation of a large gap in the muscle), reduce hematoma size, and later , the size of the scar tissue included.
Use of ice or cold; It is thought to reduce internal muscle temperature and reduce blood flow to the injured area. With regard to cold application on injured skeletal muscle, it has been shown that early use of cryotherapy is associated with a very small hematoma among ruptured myofibril stumps. small swelling and tissue necrosis, and premature regeneration.
Oppression; This can help reduce blood flow and accompanied by elevation will help reduce blood flow and excess water accumulation. The goal is to prevent the formation of hematoma and internal edema, thereby reducing tissue ischemia. However, if the termination phase is long, it will be worse for muscle regeneration.
Elevation; The elevation of the injured tip above the heart rate causes a decrease in hydrostatic pressure, and later, reduces the accumulation of internal fluid, so there is less swelling at the site of injury. But it needs to be emphasized that there is no single randomized, clinical trial to confirm the effectiveness of the RICE principle in the treatment of soft tissue wound.
Isometric exercise of the quadriceps; will help maintain the strength of the quadriceps muscle, Isometry: The first isometric and quadriceps strains performed by the knee are fully extended and in a different position by an increase of 20 degrees as knee flexion improves It can stop isometric when the patient can sit comfortably.
2. Patellar Tendonitis
It is an acute condition, such as knee pain following a run. If the tendon is stressed frequently, small tears may occur in the tendon. If this process continues, the tendon shrinks and causes tendinosis.
Knee tendonitis generally produces pain, tenderness and stiffness around the joint and is caused by movement. Burned tonsils in the knee are usually painful when they are moved or touched, and the sheaths of the tendon may appear to be swollen due to fluid accumulation and inflammation. Moving the joints around the tendon even slightly can also cause severe pain. Pain can be excruciating when climbing or descending stairs, waking up from a sitting position, and at night.
Patellar tendinitis is a wound to the tendon that connects your kneecap (patella) to your bone. The patellar tendon works with the muscles in front of your thigh to extend your knee so you can kick, run and jump. Patellar tendinitis, also known as a jumper knee, is common in athletes whose sports include regular jumping – like basketball and volleyball. However, even people who do not participate in jumping sports may develop patellar tendinitis. For many people, treatment of patellar tendinitis begins with physical therapy stretching and strengthening the muscles around the knee.
Symptoms of Patellar tendinitis
- The knee diagram shows the patella and patellar tendon
- Patellar tendinitis Open the pop-up dialog box
- Pain is the first symptom of patellar tendinitis, usually between your kneecap and where the tendon is attached to your shinbone (tibia). Previously, you may have felt pain only in your knee when you started physical exercise or just after intense exercise. Over time, the pain intensifies and begins to interfere with playing your game. Finally, pain
- interferes with daily movements such as climbing stairs or climbing from a chair.
Risk factors for Patellar tendinitis side of knee
A combination of factors may contribute to the development of patellar tendinitis, including:
- Physical activity; Running and jumping are usually associated with patellar tendinitis. A sudden increase in hard work or how often you participate in the activity also adds stress to the tendon, just as it can change your running shoes.
Sharp leg muscles; The quadriceps muscles and hammers, which extend to the back of your thighs, can add stress to your patellar tendon. - Muscle balance; If the muscles in your legs are stronger than others, strong muscles can pull harder on your patellar tendon.
- Chronic disease; Some of diseases impair blood flow to the knee, which weakens the tendon. Examples include kidney failure, immune diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic disorders such as diabetes.
Prevention of Patellar tendonitis
To reduce your risk of getting patellar tendinitis, take the following steps:
- Do not play through pain; As soon as you notice the knee pain associated with exercise, ice the area and relax. Until your knee is painless, avoid activities that put emphasis on your patellar tendon.
- Strengthen your muscles; Strong thigh muscles are best to deal with stress that can lead to patellar tendinitis. Emotional exercises, which include lowering your leg very slowly after stretching your knee, are very helpful.
- Improve your technique; To make sure you are using your body correctly, consider taking lessons or getting professional instructions when starting a new sport or using exercise equipment.
Treatment for tendonitis side of knee
Common treatments for the treatment of tendonitis, such as knee tendonitis, roton cuff tendonitis or patellar tendonitis, include “RICE therapy”, ice, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy and cortisone injections. The problem with this method is that they do not repair or rebuild the weak tendon and, therefore, do not reduce the chronic pain that people with this condition experience.
When ice, anti-inflammatory drugs and cortisone bullets have been shown to provide short-term pain relief, it causes prolonged loss of function and more lasting pain by inhibiting the healing process of soft tissues and accelerating cartilage reduction. If a person with tendonitis receives cortisone injections into the tendon, or if he or she takes anti-inflammatories for too long, the tendonitis will be tendinosis. This means the tendon is increasingly weakening.
Other treatment options include cryotherapy and massage. But again, although they can provide pain relief, they do not address the root of the weak tendon problem and injured arteries. When a patient tries these treatments and the pain persists, patients who develop tendonitis may be referred to a surgeon. Unfortunately, surgery has side effects and side effects and can cause the problem to worsen.