What is depression
Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious health disorder that negatively affects your emotions, the way you think and the way you act. Fortunately, it is also treatable. Depression causes feelings of sadness and / or loss of appetite for activities you loved. It can cause a variety of emotional and physical problems and can reduce your ability to work at home and at home.
Depression affects an average of 15 adults (6.7%) each year. And one in six people (16.6%) will experience depression at some point in their lives. Depression can occur at any time, but on average, it first appears in the late teens until the mid-20s. Women are more likely than men to get depression. Some studies indicate that one-third of women will experience major depression in their lives. There is a high level of inheritance (approximately 40%) while first-degree relatives (parents / children / siblings) have depression
10 Common Symptoms of Depression
Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness; Negative attitude – nothing will ever get better and there is nothing you can do to improve your situation.
Loss of interest in daily activities; You no longer care about past entertainment, entertainment, social activities, or sex. You have lost your ability to feel happy and at ease.
Desire or weight change; Excessive weight loss or weight gain-changes of more than 5% of body weight per month.
Sleep changes. Either lack of sleep, especially getting up early in the morning, or falling asleep too much.
Anger or irritability; Feeling confused, restless, or even violent. Your level of patience is low, your anger is short, and everything and everyone gets angry.
Loss of power; Feeling tired, lazy, and exhausted. Your whole body may feel heavy, and even small tasks can be exhausting or take long to complete.
Hate yourself; Strong feelings of inadequacy or guilt. You are blaming yourself for the mistakes and mistakes.
Negative behavior; You engage in escape behaviors, such as drug abuse, compulsive gambling, reckless driving, or dangerous sports.
Concentration problems; Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or remembering things. Pain and unexplained pain; Increased body complaints such as headaches, back pain, muscle aches, and abdominal pain.
What Are the Main Causes of Depression?
Many factors can increase the risk of depression, including the following:
Abuse; Physical, sexual, or emotional abuse can put you at greater risk for depression later in life.
Age; People who are older are at greater risk of depression. That can be worse with other factors, such as living alone and lack of social support.
Some drugs; Other medications, such as isotretinoin (used to treat acne), interferon-alpha antiretroviral drugs, and corticosteroids, may increase your risk of depression.
Conflict; Depression in a person who has a biological risk to him or her can lead to personal conflicts or arguments with family members or friends.
Death or loss; Grieving or grief after the death or loss of a loved one, although natural, can increase the risk of depression.
Gender; Women are twice as likely as men to have depression. No one knows why. The hormonal changes that women go through at different times in their lives can play a role.
genes; Family history of depression can increase the risk. Depression is thought to be a complex behavior, meaning that there are many different genes that each have a small effect, rather than a single gene that contributes to the risk of disease.
Major events; Even well-meaning events, such as starting a new job, graduating, or getting married, can cause depression. The same is true of moving, losing a job or earning a living, divorce, or retirement. However, clinical depression is never a “normal” response to life’s stressful events.
Other personal problems; Problems such as social isolation due to other mental illnesses or being thrown out of the family or social group can contribute to the risk of developing clinical depression.
Serious diseases; Sometimes, depression occurs in conjunction with a major illness or may be caused by other health conditions.
Drug abuse; About 30% of people with substance abuse problems also have severe or clinical depression. Even if drugs or alcohol make you feel uncomfortable, they will likely increase your risk of depression.
Common Types of Depressive Disorders
1. Major depression
Major depression, also known as unipolar or major depressive disorder (MDD), is characterized by persistent feelings of depression or lack of appetite for external stimuli. Unipolar refers to the difference between major depression and bipolar disorder, which refers to the excitement between depression and mania. Instead, unipolar depression focuses only on “low moods,” or negative emotions and symptoms that you may have experienced.
There are a number of reasons why women often find themselves suffering from major depressive disorder, but mainly due to the tendency for depression to occur with other illnesses and mental states. It can lead to collisions with anything from pregnancy to more chronic or recurrent problems. The National Institute of Mental Health has found that 25% of cancer patients, one-third of HIV patients, and one-third of heart attack sufferers suffer from major depression.
However, major depression is a serious issue for both sexes, and if left untreated, it can have serious consequences. Fortunately, there is good news. The National Institutes of Health has found that approximately 80% of patients seeking treatment for major depression show improvement within four to six weeks, from “initial medication, psychotherapy, attending support groups or a combination of these treatments.
2. Persistent depression
Persistent depression, also called dysthymia (dis-THIE-me-uh), is a type of chronic depression. You may lose the desire for normal daily activities, you may feel hopeless, unproductive, and self-esteem and a feeling of general inadequacy. These feelings last for years and can greatly interfere with your relationships, school, work and daily activities.
If you have an ongoing depression problem, you may find it difficult to compete even in fun times – you may be described as having a sad personality, complaining all the time or not being happy. Although the problem of ongoing depression is not as severe as major depression, your current state of depression can be mild, moderate or severe.
Causes of Persistent depression
The exact cause of the ongoing depression crisis is unknown. As with major depression, it can involve more than one factor, such as:
Biological differences. People with persistent depression may have physical changes in their mind. The significance of these changes is still uncertain, but in the end it may help to identify the cause.
Brain chemistry. Neurotransmitters are natural brain chemicals that can play the role of depression. Recent research suggests that changes in the function and effect of these neurotransmitters and how they interact with neurocircuits involved in maintaining emotional stability may play an important role in depression and its treatment.
Inherited traits. Persistent depression seems to be more common in people whose blood relatives also have the condition. Researchers are trying to find genes that may be involved in causing depression.
Life events. As with major depression, traumatic events such as the loss of a loved one, financial problems or high levels of depression can lead to ongoing depression in some people.
How to prevent Persistent depression
There is no definite way to prevent further depression. Because it often begins in childhood or adolescence, identifying children at risk may help them to get treatment early.
Strategies that can help prevent symptoms include the following:
- Take steps to control stress, increase your self-esteem, and boost your self-esteem.
- Reach out to family and friends, especially in times of crisis, to help you with the weather.
- Get treatment when the early signs of trouble help prevent symptoms from escalating.
- Consider getting long-term maintenance treatment to help prevent recurrence of symptoms
3. Manic Depression
Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder that can be caused by a combination of genetic and non-genetic factors. The emotional episodes associated with it include clinical depression or mania (extreme excitement and intense energy) and periods of normal mood and energy between periods. The severity of the emotional period can range from mild to severe, and can occur slowly or abruptly within days to weeks.
When different periods of emotion occur four or more times a year, the process is called a fast bike. A fast bike should not be confused with the frequent changes in mood, which can sometimes occur in people with bipolar disorder or other conditions such as borderline personality disorder.
What are the Depression Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder?
Symptoms of clinical depression seen with dementia are similar to those seen in major depressive disorder and include:
- Decreased appetite and / or weight loss, or overeating and weight gain
- Difficulty concentrating, remembering, and making decisions
- Fatigue, decreased strength, being “reduced”
- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness
- Feelings of hopelessness, hopelessness
- Insomnia, waking up early in the morning, or falling asleep too much
Bipolar Problems Treated?
Treatment of bipolar disorder may include the use of emotional regulators such as lithium. Other anticonvulsants, antipsychotic, and benzodiazepines may also be used for sedation. Antidepressants are sometimes given in combination with emotional antidepressants to increase depression, although antidepressants are often not as effective as certain antidepressants or other antidepressants to treat depression in bipolar disorder.
4. Depressive psychosis
Depressive psychosis is a subset of major depression that occurs when a major depressive disorder involves a certain type of psychology. Psychology can be a dream (such as hearing a voice tell you that you are not good or worthless), deception (such as, strong feelings of worthlessness, failure, or sin) or other breaks and reality. Psychological depression affects approximately one in four people hospitalized for depression
What are the symptoms of Psychological Depression?
Common symptoms in patients with psychological depression include:
- Turbulence
- Anxiet
- Constipation
- Hypochondria
- Insomnia
- Mental impairment
- Body mobility
How is psychological depression treated?
Typically, treatment for psychological depression is provided in a hospital setting. That way, the patient has close monitoring by mental health professionals. Different medications are used to calm a person, especially including a combination of antidepressants and antipsychotics.
5. Perinatal depression
Perinatal depression is a depression that occurs during or after pregnancy. The condition affects one in seven women, making it one of the most common medical problems during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
There are several terms used to describe emotional disorders that cause feelings of depression during pregnancy or after birth, as well as postpartum depression, maternal depression, prenatal depression, and postpartum depression.
Symptoms of Perinatal depression
It is common to experience anxiety and depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period; minor emotional changes during pregnancy are common. However, if the feelings of depression or anxiety during pregnancy or after pregnancy persist for a few weeks or interfere with daily activities, it is time to ask for help. 2 Symptoms of daily depression include:
- Permanent grief
- Loss of appetite for activities that you once enjoyed
- Feelings of emptiness
- Feelings of despai
- Frequent crying
- Reduce the ability to think or concentrate
- Sleep problems
- Fatigue or low energy
Causes of childbirth depression include a wide range of medical, social, and mental disabilities. That said, depression in general is more common in women than men, and women are twice as affected
The onset of depressive symptoms often increases during childbirth, which indicates hormonal activity as one of the causes of pregnancy depression. 1 Hormone transfer during pregnancy and the postpartum period may play a role in the symptoms of postpartum depression.
Several risk factors exist for daily depression, including:
- Personal or family history of depressio
- Mother’s anxiety
- The stress of life
- Lack of social suppor
- Unexpected pregnancy
- Smoking
- Quality of poor relationships
- History of sexual orientation
- Pregnancy complications
Treatment of Perinatal depression
Although daily symptoms may sometimes be severe and persistent, depression during and after pregnancy is treatable. Through a combination of different therapies, medications, and self-care, you can begin to feel better. Since postpartum depression is under the umbrella of depression problems, adherence to proven treatment options for treating depression should be followed.
6. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a medical condition that is similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) but worse. PMDD causes severe irritability, depression, or anxiety in a week or two before your period begins. Symptoms usually go away two to three days after your period begins. You may need medication or other treatments to help with your symptoms.
Symptoms of Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Persistent anger or resentment that can affect other people
- Feelings of sadness or despair, or even suicidal thoughts
- Feelings of tension or anxiety
- Panic attacks
- Mood changes or cries often
- Lack of appetite for daily activities and relationships
- Difficulty thinking or focusing
- Fatigue or low energy
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder treatments include:
An antidepressant called selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs alter serotonin levels in the brain. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved three SSRIs to treat PMDD:
- Sertraline
- Fluoxetin
- Paroxetin HCI
- Stress management, such as relaxation techniques and spending time on fun activities.
Making healthy changes, such as eating a healthy diet in food groups, reducing salt and sugar intake, and getting more exercise, can also help reduce the symptoms of PMDD. But PMDD can be so serious that some women have to go to a doctor or nurse to discuss treatment options.
7. Seasonal depression.
Seasonal depression, also called seasonal affective disorder and clinically known as seasonal major depressive disorder, is depression associated with certain seasons. For most people, this usually happens during the winter months.
Symptoms often begin in the fall, when the days get shorter, and continue through the winter. They include:
- social isolation
- increased need for sleep
- weight gain
- daily feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or inferiority
Seasonal depression can worsen over time and lead to suicidal thoughts. As soon as spring begins, the symptoms improve. This may be due to changes in the rhythms of your body in response to increased natural light.
8. Situational depression.
Situational depression is short-term depression associated with stress. It can develop after a traumatic event or series of events. Situational depression is a type of adjustment disorder. You may find it difficult to adjust to daily life after a traumatic event. This is also known as reactive depression.
Stressful events, both positive and negative, can cause situational depression. Stressful events include:
- relationships or marital problems, such as quarrels or divorce
- situational changes, such as retirement, leaving school, or having a child
- negative financial situations, such as money problems
- death of a loved on
- social problems at school or at work
- vital events such as a physical attack, fight, or natural disaster
Treatment for situational depression
You should see your doctor if your symptoms interfere with your daily chores and activities. Treatment can help you cope better with stressful situations.
After treatment has helped you cope with depression, you can also make some lifestyle changes to help you cope with it. This includes:
- do the exercises
- establishing healthy sleep habits
- get more rest and relaxation
- eat healthier foods
- strengthening your social support system
Treating situational depression as treatment can help improve coping mechanisms and increase resilience. This is important because it can help you cope with future challenges and potentially avoid future bouts of situational depression. One type of therapy that can help is cognitive behavioral therapy.
How do I know what kind of depressive disorders you have?
If you think you may have any type of depression, it is important to follow up with a doctor. All of the types of depression discussed in this article are treatable, although it may take some time to find the right treatment for you.
If you have had a history of depression in the past and think it may happen again, see your psychiatrist or other mental health professional right away.
If you have never had depression before, start with your primary care physician. Other symptoms of depression may be related to physical conditions that need to be addressed.
Try to give your doctor as much information about your symptoms as you can. If possible, specify:
- when you first saw it
- how they have affected your daily life
- any other mental health condition you have
- any information on the history of mental illness in your family
- all prescription and over-the-counter medications you take, as well as supplements and herbs
It may feel uncomfortable, but try to tell your doctor everything. This will help give you a more accurate diagnosis and refer you to the right type of mental health professional.